Ihinge Elifihliwe: Iyini? Isebenza kanjani? Izinhlobo, Izingxenye

Amahinge afihliwe aklanyelwe ukufihlwa ukuze angabonwa, anikeze ukubukeka okucacile nokungenamthungo eminyango nasemakhabetheni. Yingakho sibona abantu abaningi beshintshela kulolu hlobo lwehinji.

1. Ayini amaHinge Afihliwe?

Amahinge afihliwe, awaziwa nangokuthi amahinge angabonakali noma amahinge aseYurophu, aklanyelwe ukuthi angabonakali lapho umnyango noma ikhabethe livaliwe. Ngokungafani namahinge endabuko, abonakala ngaphandle, amahinge afihliwe afakwe ngaphakathi komnyango kanye nohlaka, okwenza angabonakali uma umnyango uvaliwe. Lokhu kudala ukubukeka okuhlanzekile nokuhlelekile, okuthuthukisa ubuhle obuphelele befenisha noma ikhabethe.

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zamahinge afihliwe ukuguquguquka kwawo. Banikeza ukulungiswa okunembile kokuma okuqondile, okuvundlile, nokujula, okuvumela ukuqondanisa okuphelele kweminyango. Lokhu kulungiswa kuqinisekisa ukuthi iminyango ivuleka futhi ivaleke kahle ngaphandle kwezikhala noma ukungahambi kahle.

2. Izinzuzo zamaHinge Afihliwe

Amahinge afihliwe anikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwamahinge endabuko. Okokuqala, umklamo wabo ofihliwe uthuthukisa ukubukeka okuphelele kwefenisha namakhabhinethi, ukuhlinzeka ukubukeka kwesimanje nokuyinkimbinkimbi. Okwesibili, amahinge afihliwe avumela iminyango ukuthi ivuleke nge-engeli ebanzi uma iqhathaniswa namahinge endabuko, enikeza ukufinyelela okufinyeleleka kalula ngaphakathi kwamakhabethe.

Lawa mahinge aphinde anikeze ukuqina nokuzinza okuthuthukisiwe. Ngezici zabo ezilungisekayo, amahinge afihliwe aqinisekisa ukuthi iminyango ihlala iqondile futhi isebenza kahle ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe. Ukwengeza, amahinge afihliwe angahlonywa izindlela zokuvala ngokuthambile, ezinikeza isenzo sokuvala esithambile nesilawulwayo, okunciphisa ingozi yokushaya iminyango.

Amahinge afihliwe athola izinhlelo zokusebenza emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ikhishi lekhishi, izinto zasendlini zangasese, amakhabethe kanye nefenisha yasehhovisi. Zidume kakhulu kumiklamo yesimanje kanye ne-minimalist, lapho kufunwa khona imigqa ehlanzekile nokubukeka okungenamthungo.

3. Izinhlobo Zamahinge Afihliwe

·  Amahinge esitayela saseYurophu

Amahinge esitayela saseYurophu awuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwamahinge afihliwe. Aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: ipuleti lokukhweza elinamathela kuhlaka lwekhabethe kanye nengalo yehinge enamathela emnyango. Amahinge aseYurophu anikeza ukufakwa nokulungisa kalula, okuwenza abe yinketho ethandwayo ezinhlelweni eziningi.

·  Amahinge e-Pivot

Amahinge e-Pivot, awaziwa nangokuthi amahinge alenga maphakathi, asebenza endaweni ye-pivot emaphakathi nendawo yomnyango. Lawa mahinji afanele izicabha ezishwibeka ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Amahinge e-Pivot ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle futhi angasekela iminyango esindayo.

·  I-Soss hinges

Amahinge e-Soss angamahinge afihliwe afihlwe ngokuphelele lapho umnyango uvaliwe. Aboshwe kuwo womabili umnyango kanye nohlaka, enze ukubukeka okungenamthungo nokuguquguqukayo. Amahinge e-Soss avame ukusetshenziswa kumakhabhinethi aphezulu kanye nezicelo zezakhiwo.

·  Amahinge emigqomo

Amahinge emiphongolo, abizwa nangokuthi amahinge emiphongolo engabonakali, aklanyelwe ukufihlwa ngokuphelele ngaphakathi komnyango nohlaka. Ziqukethe umgqomo we-cylindrical kanye namapuleti amabili ahlangene. Amahinge emigqomo ahlinzeka ngobuhle obuyingqayizivele futhi avame ukusetshenziswa kufenisha yekhwalithi ephezulu namakhabethe.

4. Izingxenye Zamahinge Afihliwe

-Indebe noma i-mounting plate: Inkomishi noma i-mounting plate inamathiselwe kuhlaka lwekhabhinethi futhi isebenza njengesisekelo sehinji. Inikeza ukuzinza futhi isekele ingalo yehinge. Inkomishi noma i-mounting plate iyalungiseka, okuvumela ukuqondanisa okunembayo komnyango.

-Ingalo noma ingalo yehinji: Ingalo noma ingalo yehinji ixhunywe emnyango bese iyixhuma enkomishini noma kwi-mounting plate. Inesibopho sokunyakaza nokujikeleza komnyango. Ingalo yehinge ingalungiswa iqonde, ivundlile, futhi ijule ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana okuphelele nokuqondanisa komnyango.

-Izindlela zokulungisa: Amahinge afihliwe afaka izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokulungisa ezivumela ukuma okunembayo nokuqondanisa. Lezi zindlela ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izikulufu noma amakhamera angaqiniswa noma akhululeke aqonde phezulu, avundlile, futhi ajule izindawo zengalo yehinge. Ngokwenza lezi zinguquko, umnyango ungahambisana ngokuphelele nohlaka lwekhabhinethi, uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle futhi uqede noma yiziphi izikhala noma ukungahambi kahle.

-Izindlela zokuvala kancane: Amanye amahinge afihliwe afika afakwe izindlela zokuvala kancane. Lezi zindlela zinikeza isenzo sokuvala esilawulwayo nesimnene, ukuvimbela iminyango ukuthi ivaleke ngokushaya ngamandla. Amahinge avala kancane asebenzisa ama-hydraulic noma ama-pneumatic mechanisms ukwehlisa isivinini sokuvala somnyango futhi aqinisekise ukunyakaza okuvala okuthule nokushelelayo. Lesi sici asigcini nje ngokungeza lula kodwa futhi sisiza ukuvikela ukuphila isikhathi eside kwefenisha ngokunciphisa ukuguga okubangelwa ukuvalwa kweminyango kungazelelwe.

5. Ukufakwa Nokulungiswa Kwamahinge Afihliwe

1-Ukulungiselela nokumaka ukuze kubekwe ihinge

Ngaphambi kokufaka ama-hinges afihliwe, kubalulekile ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokumaka ukubekwa kwama-hinges kokubili kohlaka lwekhabhinethi kanye nomnyango. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulinganisa nokumaka izindawo zezinkomishi noma amapuleti okufaka izinsimbi kanye nezingalo zehinge ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqondana okufanele.

2-Izimbobo zokumba inkomishi noma i-mounting plate

Uma izindawo zamahinge seziphawuliwe, izimbobo zidinga ukubhobozwa ukuze kufakwe izinkomishi noma amapuleti okufakwa kuhlaka lwekhabhinethi. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa usayizi webhithi yokubhoboza efanele ukuze uhambisane nehinji ethile futhi uqinisekise ukulingana okuvikelekile.

3-Ukunamathisela inkomishi noma i-mounting plate

Inkomishi noma i-mounting plate ibe isinamathiselwa kuhlaka lwekhabhinethi kusetshenziswa izikulufu noma ezinye izinto zokubopha. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkomishi noma i-mounting plate iqinile futhi iqondaniswe ngokufanele ngokwezindawo ezimakiwe.

4-Ukufaka nokulungisa ingalo yehinge

Ingalo yehinge inamathiselwe emnyango kusetshenziswa izikulufo noma ezinye izibophelelo ezifanele. Kubalulekile ukuqondisa ingalo yehinge nenkomishi noma i-mounting plate bese uyilungisa ukuze ufinyelele ukuma nokuqondanisa okufunayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqinisa noma ukuxegisa izindlela zokulungisa engalweni yehinge ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana okufanele.

5-Ukuhlola nokulungisa kahle ukusebenza kwehinge

Uma amahinge esefakiwe, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukusebenza komnyango. Vula futhi uvale umnyango izikhathi eziningi ukuze uhlole ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokuqondanisa okufanele. Uma kudingeka ukulungisa, sebenzisa izindlela zokulungisa engalweni yehinge ukuze ulungise kahle indawo yomnyango nokuqondisa kwayo kuze kube yilapho isebenza kahle futhi ivaleka ngokuphephile.

6. Izinzuzo kanye Nebubi Bezihinge Ezifihliwe

Izinzuzo:

·  Umhlinzeki wamahinge afihliwe inikeza ukubukeka okuhlanzekile nokuhlelekile, okuthuthukisa ubuhle obuphelele befenisha namakhabhinethi.

·  Lawa mahinge ahlinzeka ngokulungiswa okunembe ukuze kulungiswe kahle iminyango, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokususa izikhala.

·  Amahinge afihliwe aklanyelwe ukumelana nokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe, anikeze ukuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside.

·  Uma kuqhathaniswa namahinge endabuko, amahinge afihliwe avumela iminyango ukuba ivuleke endaweni ebanzi, enikeza ukufinyelela okulula kukhabhinethi noma ingaphakathi lefenisha.

·  Amahinge amaningi afihliwe afakwe izindlela zokuvala ngokuthambile, ezengeza ukunethezeka nokuvimbela ukushaya iminyango.

Ububi:

·  Amahinge afihliwe avame ukubiza kakhulu kunamahinge endabuko ngenxa yedizayini yawo ethuthukisiwe nokusebenza kwawo.

·  Ukufaka amahinge afihliwe kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela, ukumaka, nokubhoboza okunembayo, okungase kube inselele kunokufaka amahinji endabuko.

·  Amanye ama-hinges afihliwe angase abe nemikhawulo yesisindo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha ama-hinges angakwazi ukusekela ngokwanele isisindo somnyango noma iKhabhinethi.

Isifinyezo

Ekuphetheni, amahinge afihliwe zinikeza ububanzi bezinzuzo, okuhlanganisa ubuhle obuthuthukisiwe, ukulungiswa, ukuqina, nezinketho zokuvala kancane. Tallsen abahlinzeki be-hinge inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo, njengamahinge esitayela saseYurophu, amahinge e-pivot, amahinge e-Soss, namahinge emiphongolo, ngayinye enezici zayo ezihlukile kanye nezicelo. Ukuqonda izingxenye kanye namasu okufaka afanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamahinji afihliwe. Ngokulandela izinyathelo zokufakwa nokulungiswa, ungafinyelela ukubukeka okungenamthungo nochwepheshe kwefenisha yakho noma amakhabethe.