Inqubo yomlando ukuthuthukiswa ifenisha metal stamping izingxenye (ingxenye1)
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hardware yefenisha yesimanje kwavela eYurophu, futhi kwathatha iNtshonalanga Jalimane njengeyokuqala.
Iminyaka yawo-1960 kwakuyinkathi yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yefenisha yesimanje emhlabeni, futhi kwakuyisiteji esikhulayo semboni yesimanje yehadiwe yefenisha. Umshini wokuqala wokuhlanganisa onqenqemeni wokuqala wakhiqizwa ngeminyaka yawo-1990. Amanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga Yurophu amelwe iNtshonalanga Jalimane athuthukisa futhi akhiqiza izixhumi zehadiwe zefenisha ehlukahlukene kanye nezingxenye zokuhlobisa ezifanele izakhiwo zefenisha zesimanje, futhi zaqala ukwakha imboni yokukhiqiza ihadiwe yefenisha noma iqembu lenkampani. Ihinge yokuqala efihlekile emise okwenkomishi eyakhiwe inkampani enkulu yaseJalimane kanye nochungechunge lokuqala lwemikhiqizo yehadiwe lwenzeka ngeminyaka yawo-1960.
Shintsha imakethe kanye nolimi