Haɗin Kan Haɗin Kan Tattalin Arziƙi na Latin Amurka

Tun a wannan shekara, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar mahara dalilai kamar m m kudi hikes da Tarayyar Reserve, da Ukraine rikicin da kuma kasa da kasa farashin kayayyakin da suka rage high, da gida kudin musanya rates na manyan kasashen Latin Amurka tattalin arziki sun fadi, shigo da farashin ya karu da kuma hauhawar farashin kayayyaki daga kasashen waje ya zama mai tsanani. Don haka, a kwanan nan Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico da sauran kasashe sun dauki matakan bin diddigin kudaden ruwa don mayar da martani.

Masu lura da al'amuran yau da kullun sun yi nuni da cewa, shirye-shiryen kara yawan kudin ruwa da manyan bankunan tsakiya na Latin Amurka suka yi, ya yi tasiri matuka wajen saukaka hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. A wannan shekara da kuma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Latin Amurka za su fuskanci kalubale kamar karuwar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da raguwar zuba jari, ko komawa zuwa ƙananan matakan girma.

Cibiyar kididdiga ta kasar Argentina ta nuna cewa, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a kasar Argentina ya kai kashi 7.4 cikin dari a watan Yuli, wanda ya kasance mafi girma tun watan Afrilun 2002. Tun daga watan Janairun wannan shekara, adadin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a Argentina ya kai kashi 46.2%.

Bayanai daga Cibiyar Kididdigar Kididdigar Kasa da Kasa ta Mexico ta nuna cewa yawan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a Mexico ya kai kashi 8.15 cikin dari a cikin watan Yuli, mafi girma tun shekara ta 2000. Alkaluman hauhawar farashin kayayyaki na baya-bayan nan da kasashen Latin Amurka suka fitar kamar Chile, Colombia, Brazil da kuma Peru ba su da wani kyakkyawan fata.

Hukumar Tattalin Arziki ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai kula da yankin Latin Amurka da Caribbean (ECLAC) ta fitar da wani rahoto a karshen watan Agusta inda ta bayyana cewa matsakaicin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a yankin LAC ya kai kashi 8.4% a watan Yunin bana, kusan ninki biyu na matsakaicin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a yankin daga 2005 zuwa 2019. Akwai damuwa cewa Latin Amurka na iya fuskantar hauhawar farashi mafi muni tun "shekaru goma da suka ɓace" na 1980s.

Haɓakar ƙimar riba ta Fed ba ta da tushe don damuwa ga tattalin arzikin Latin Amurka. A karshen shekarun 1970s da farkon 1980s, hada-hadar kudi ta duniya ta kara habaka, kasuwannin babban birnin kasa da kasa sun cika da "petrodollars" da bashi na waje na kasashen Latin Amurka. Yayin da Amurka ta fara zagayowar karin kudin ruwa don yaki da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, yawan kudin ruwa ya karu, lamarin da ya sa kasashen Latin Amurka fadawa cikin matsalar basussuka da ba za su iya biya ba. 1980s sun zama sanannun "shekaru goma da suka ɓace" daga Latin Amurka.

Domin shawo kan faduwar darajar kudin gida, rage fitar da jari da kuma rage yawan basussuka, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico da sauran kasashe sun bi ko ma sun rigaya sun rigaya sun riga sun riga sun riga sun riga sun riga sun sami babban bankin tarayya don tada kudaden ruwa, wanda mafi yawan adadin kudin shiga. daidaita farashin riba, mafi girman kewayon shine Brazil. Tun a watan Maris din shekarar da ta gabata, babban bankin kasar Brazil ya kara yawan kudin ruwa sau 12 a jere, inda a hankali ya kara yawan kudin ruwa zuwa kashi 13.75%.

A ranar 11 ga watan Agusta, babban bankin kasar Argentina ya daga darajar kudin ruwa da kashi 9.5 zuwa kashi 69.5 cikin 100, abin da ke nuna wani matsayi mai tsauri kan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki daga gwamnatin Argentina. A wannan rana, babban bankin kasar Mexico ya daga darajar kudin ruwa da kashi 0.75 zuwa kashi 8.5 cikin dari.

Masana tattalin arziki sun yi nuni da cewa, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a halin yanzu ya fi tabarbarewar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki daga kasashen waje kuma karin kudin ruwa ba zai kai ga tushen matsalar ba. Adadin riba yana ƙaruwa kuma yana haɓaka farashin saka hannun jari kuma yana hana haɓakar tattalin arziki.

Carlos Aquino, darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Asiya a Jami'ar Kasa ta San Marcos a Peru, ya ce ci gaba da karuwar kudin ruwa na Fed ya sanya yanayin tattalin arzikin Peru "ma fi muni". Manufofin kudi na Amurka bisa ga al'ada sun dogara ne kawai akan muradunta na tattalin arziki, "mayar da" rikice-rikice ta hanyar karfin kudi da kuma sanya wasu kasashe su biya farashi mai yawa.

A karshen watan Agusta, ECLAC ta daga hasashen ci gaban tattalin arzikin yankin zuwa kashi 2.7%, daga hasashen da aka yi ta kashi 2.1% da 1.8% a watan Janairu da Afrilu na wannan shekara, amma ya yi kasa da kashi 6.5% na karuwar tattalin arzikin yankin a bara. Sakataren zartarwa na wucin gadi na ECLAC, Mario Simoli, ya ce yankin na bukatar kara daidaita manufofin tattalin arziki don tallafawa ci gaban tattalin arziki, da kara zuba jari, da rage talauci da rashin daidaito, da dakile hauhawar farashin kayayyaki.