Analysis of Hinge's Influence on Electromagnetic Shielding Characteristics of Door Gap_Hinge Knowled1

Abstract:

The car door gap is a common source of electromagnetic interference in cars. In this study, we propose a simplified model of a car door and its attached cavity by analyzing the structure of the car door gap and related accessories. We then establish a model based on the size parameters of the front door of a sedan in HFSS software and conduct a simulation calculation. The shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic field is investigated by gradually increasing the span of the door hinge, taking into account the mechanics, vibration, and noise in door design. The results show that the change in the hinge span has little effect on the shielding effectiveness below 650MHz, but has a significant impact above 650MHz. This research provides a reference method for improving automotive electromagnetic compatibility performance.

Modern automobiles use a large number of electronic devices to meet the requirements of safety, environmental protection, comfort, and energy saving. The cost of electronic components in domestically produced cars has accounted for 20% to 30% of the total cost of the vehicle. However, automotive electronic equipment also brings electromagnetic radiation interference, which can interfere with receiver equipment outside the vehicle and affect the normal operation of automotive electronic equipment. Shielding is a common method to improve the electromagnetic compatibility performance of electronic equipment. The car door gap provides a path for external electromagnetic radiation interference to enter the car and for electromagnetic radiation inside the car to leak outside through the door. The presence of hinges and door locks also affects the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the door. Therefore, it is important to study the influence of door hinges and door locks on the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of the gap.

Model Simplification of a Car Door:

The structure of a car door includes hinges and a door lock. A simplified model of the car door is established, considering the size parameters of the front door of a sedan. The gap structure of the simplified model is a stepped structure with right angles. The gap is filled with sealing rubber strips. The width of each part of the gap is set to 3mm for efficiency, and the inner wall of the gap is considered as an air cavity. The window part of the simplified model is filled with an ideal conductor with the same thickness as the window glass.

Simulation Model Establishment of Electromagnetic Shielding for Car Door Gap:

The simulation model of the car door gap is established using HFSS software, which is based on the finite element method (FEM) of electromagnetic field analysis. The model is discretized into tetrahedral elements, and high-order polynomial interpolation is used for accuracy. The simulation model includes the geometry of the car door and